Einstein’s Explanation of the Unexplainable
In an earlier posting (# 1. Do the laws of physics break down in a black hole? << https://theimagineershome.com/face_book_posings.htm >>) we defined what happens to matter as it falls into a black hole and why a singularity cannot form at its center in terms of inertial reference frames as define by Einstein. However, now we would like to explain why one cannot form in terms of the effects gravity has on the geometry of his space-time universe.
The German physicist Karl Schwarzschild was the first to predict the existence of a black hole when in 1915, he found a solution to Einstein field equations which suggested the existence of perfectly spherical object embedded in otherwise empty space which not even light can escape from. The observations of black holes confirmed the existence of these spherical objects
Additionally, he determined where its event horizon would be with respect to its center in terms of the strength of its gravitational field. He also suggested that matter after passing though it would continue to “fall” towards the center forming a singularity where its entire mass is concentrated in a one-dimensional point.
HOWEVER, OBSERATIONS AND EINSTIENS FIELD EQUATIONS SUGGEST THAT MATTER MAY NOT REPEAT NOT BECOME CONCENTRATED IN A SINGULARITY OR ONE-DIMENSIONAL POINT AFTER ENCOUNTERING THE EVENT HORIZION OF A BLACK HOLE.
As mentioned earlier light cannot escape a black hole therefore we cannot observe what happens to matter after passing through its event horizon. This means physicists can ONLY repeat ONLY use the observations of what happens to matter before encountering it and Einstein field equations to understand what happens to it after it does.
Earlier it was mentioned Schwarzschild suggested that matter would continue to fall towards the center of a black hole after passing through its event horizon forming singularity at its center.
However, the observation and as was shown in the post mentioned earlier # 1. Do the laws of physics break down in a black hole? << https://theimagineershome.com/face_book_posings.htm >>) matter moves slower and slower as it approaches the event horizon eventually stopping as at it reaches it suggests that a singularity may NOT repeat NOT form at its center.
This is because Einstein field equations which were used to defined where the event horizon occurs in a black hole did so in terms of where the strength of its gravitational field in relation to its center was strong enough to create one. However, this means there will be an internal event horizon at every point along the radius of a black hole where there was enough gravitational energy to create one. In other word, even though we cannot observe them Einstein field equations that Schwarzschild use to predict the existence of an event horizon tell us a black hole MAY repeat MAY consists of a series of internal ones at each point along its radius.
Therefore, his equations tell us at every point inside a black hole where there has enough gravitational potential to create an internal event horizon matter should behave similar to how it does when it encounters one, we can observe.
This suggest that matter does NOT repeat NOT continue to move towards the center of a black hole to form a singularity but is prevented from doing so by the gravitational barrier that exists at every point where its potential is large enough to create one.
So, if a singularly is not at the center of a black hole what is.
We know the densest form of observable matter is found in a neutron star where the gravitational forces are strong enough to overcome the forces keeping electrons protons and neutron apart.
However, their gravitational potential is not large enough to create a black hole.
Observations also tell us a neutron star is capable of becoming a black hole if it absorbs enough mass and energy to form an event horizon. However, that does not mean that its neutron core collapses to a singularity. This is because as was just shown Einstein field equations tell us the curvature of space-time at every point inside a black hole where the gravitational potential is large enough would create an internal event horizon.
This suggests a black hole may NOT repeat NOT be made up of matter that has completely collapsed to singularity but instead is made up of the core of a neutron star and matter “orbiting” or internally trapped in successive layers in the spherical geometry of space-time that defines an event horizon.
This suggests there MAY repeat MAY be a volume of space-time with no matter present between surface of its neutron core and where the first internal event horizon has formed.
This would be analogous to how planet orbits or is trapped in the gravitational field of a star. The total mass of a star system is made up of the sun and the planets trapped in a volume of space-time created its gravitational field.
Similarly, the total mass of black hole MAY repeat MAY consist of the core of a neutron star and the matter forever trapped by its internal event horizons.