The demise of the singularity

Many physicists assume the General Theory of Relativity predicts that all the mass in a black hole is concentrated at its center in a singularity or a point which has zero volume and infinite density However the idea it can be concentrated in a non-dimensional point of infinite density with zero volume is a bit … Read more

The “reality” of the Higgs field

The Higgs Boson which was tentatively confirmed to exist on 14 March 2013 appears to confirm the existence of the Higgs field.  Its discovery is pivotal to the Standard Model and other theories within particle physics because it explains why some fundamental particles have mass when the symmetries controlling their interactions should require them to … Read more

The role of reality in science

What is the connection between imagination and reality?  This question is particularly relevant to scientists because they are tasked with defining theoretical models to describe the reality our world. The problem exists because by definition reality is independent of the mind and any abstract mechanism it can create concerning it.  Therefore only way we can … Read more

The Geometry of Dark Matter

In 1933 Fritz Zwicky a Swiss astronomer, was trying to measure the mass of a galactic cluster using two different methods. First he tried to infer it from the rational speed of the galaxies around the center of the clusters.  Just like kids on a merry-go-round have to hold on to avoid being ejected, galaxies … Read more

Gravity or dark energy: which one will win?

Before the discovery of Dark Energy cosmologists had two models of how the universe’s expansion would end. In first scenario, there would be enough matter in the universe to slow the expansion to the point where, like the baseball, it would come to a halt and the gravitational forces associated with it would result in … Read more