Before the discovery of Dark Energy cosmologists had two models of how the universe’s expansion would end. In first scenario, there would be enough matter in the universe to slow the expansion to the point it would come to a halt and gravitational forces would cause it to begin contracting which eventually would result in … Read more
In relativistic physics a field is defined as a continuous physical quantity that has a value for each point in space and time while Relativistic Quantum Field Theory (QFT) defines particles as excited states of an underlying physical field. However there is a conceptual discontinuity between QFT and its relativistic component because it is based … Read more
Before the discovery of Dark Energy cosmologists had two models of how the universe’s expansion would end. In first scenario, there would be enough matter in the universe to slow the expansion to the point where, like the baseball, it would come to a halt and the gravitational forces associated with it would result in … Read more
Does time have an end? If so when and where will it happen? This question is a difficult to answer definitively because if time does end no one would be able to find the time to tell us it had. How then can we determine if it will? One was is by analyzing what we … Read more
In 1998 a force called Dark Energy was discovered when the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) found that, a long time ago, the Universe was actually expanding more slowly than it is today. In other words its expansion has not been slowing due to gravity, as everyone thought, it has been accelerating. Since then several different … Read more