Deriving mass without the Higgs Boson

Einstein told us that energy and mass are interchangeable however he did not define what mass is.  He only told us how mass interacts with space-time. As Steven Weinberg said “Mass tells space-time how to curve while space-time tells mass how to move”. However Einstein’s inability to define or derive the casualty of mass is … Read more

Why something rather than nothing.

The Big Bang theory suggests that matter and antimatter should have been produced in equal quantities.  Since collisions between matter and antimatter result in their mutual annihilation there should not be any ordinary matter, and its antimatter equivalent left in the universe.  However, it is obvious this did not happen because no galaxies or intergalactic … Read more

A classical interpretation of Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principal

We have shown throughout this blog and its companion book “The Reality of the Fourth *Spatial* Dimension” there would be many theoretical advantages to defining space in terms four *spatial* dimensions instead of four-dimensional space-time. One of them is that it would allow one to understand the classical origins of Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle by extrapolating … Read more

The physical significance of Planck’s constant

We have shown throughout this blog and its companion book “The Reality of the Fourth *Spatial* Dimension” there would be many theoretical advantages to defining space in terms four *spatial* dimensions instead of four-dimensional space-time. One is that it would allow for understanding of the physical significance of Planck’s constant in terms of the laws of … Read more

Dark Energy in four *spatial* dimensions

In 1998 the Hubble Space Telescope when observing distant supernovae discovered that the Universe was expanding more slowly in the past than it is today. In other words the Universe has not been slowing due to gravity, as everyone thought, it has been accelerating.  No one expected this, no one knew how to explain it. … Read more