On page 297 of Sean Carroll’s book from “Eternity to Here” he discusses the difficulty in interrogating gravity with the second law of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics states the entropy or disorder of an isolated system either remains constant or increases with time and that no usable energy can be obtained from a … Read more
Many cosmologists find the concept of a re-collapsing universe philosophically attractive. Einstein and Wheeler among others were drawn to the idea of a universe that was infinite in both space and time. Wheeler felt that a Big Crunch or the collapse of an earlier universe and its subsequent re-expansion would provide a pleasing symmetry to … Read more
We have shown throughout this blog and its companion book “The Reality of the Fourth *Spatial* Dimension” it is possible to define a universe in terms of four *spatial* dimensions in a manner that makes predictions identical with those of Einstein’s General and Special Theories of Relativity while defining the theoretical advantages to doing so. … Read more
We have shown throughout this blog and its companion book “The Reality of the Fourth *Spatial* Dimension” there are many theoretical advantages to assuming the existence and four *spatial* dimensions instead of four-dimensional space-time. One of them is that it would provide an alternative explanation that is more consistent with the observed properties of Dark … Read more
The effort to unify all of the forces and laws of nature or find a “Theory of Everything” has primarily focused on explaining gravity in terms of the concepts contained in quantum mechanical field theories. However, it is unfortunate that some have not made an effort to find it in terms of its continuous properties … Read more